Tuesday, June 11, 2013

VIX - Is it Mis-priced? Is the Vol of Vol Mis-priced? Somethings I Bet You Didn't Know, But Wish You Did


The VIX spot is trading $16.88, up 9.3% with IV30™ up 7.9% (that's the vol of the vol). The LIVEVOL® Pro Summary is below.




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The CBOE Volatility Index - more commonly referred to as "VIX" - is an up-to-the-minute market estimate of expected volatility that is calculated by using real-time S&P 500® Index (SPX) option bid/ask quotes. VIX uses nearby and second nearby options with at least 8 days left to expiration and then weights them to yield a constant, 30-day measure of the expected volatility of the S&P 500 Index.

I'm examining the vol of the VIX today -- and by examining I am pointing out one stark empirical phenomenon, which is... The implied vol of the VIX seems too low.  Yeah, I said it... (I also said "appears" so no law suits allowed -- this isn't advice).

Like a 3-act movie, I will start with an introduction into the characters and our protagonist and end with the "turning point", build a little, get caught in no man's land by the middle of the second act ("the point of no return"), and close big with the final act, "all hope is lost," and then a nice and neat resolution.

For a teaser, I will end up explaining this chart:



But we're not there yet... So, let's start with a two-year chart of the VIX spot, below.


This is our protagonist.  We can see his object of desire is to appropriately reflect the risk over the next 30-days in the S&P 500 Index.  His (her?) path is a bumpy one -- there's a gap between his expectation and reality, and with each gap, he has to do more to reach his object of desire. This builds his character and is in fact the same thing as story.  Like any good screenplay, it has been a bumpy ride for the protagonist, reaching as high as ~48% and as low as 11.05%.

But the story gets more interesting as we look a bit more myopically.  Let the second act begin.  Below we are looking at a three-month chart of the VIX spot.


The choppiness is building.  In fact, it's within this three-month window that the VIX hit its multi-year low of 11.05%.  It has also been as high as 18.51% which means its upper range in the last quarter has been 67.5% higher than its low.  Remember, this measures the 30-day forward looking risk of the S&P500 -- this ain't a micro-cap bio-tech index.

An interesting headline I saw via Yahoo! Finance read something like "100-Point Dow Swings Are Back."  A quote from it is: "For the seventh time in the past ten sessions, the Dow Jones Industrial Average (^DJI) is moving at least 100 points, up or down, from the previous close."  The point was clear, the market may be moving away from slow and steady (and up all the time), to, not slow, not steady and not up all the time.

Finally, the last act.  This image is breathtaking... and not just b/c it has lots of pretty colors.


The legend is at the top, but to make it easier, just know this.

I have included the following historical realized vol measures:

HV60™: The historical realized volatility of the VIX spot over the last 60 trading days.
HV90™: The historical realized volatility of the VIX spot over the last 90 trading days.
HV120™: The historical realized volatility of the VIX spot over the last 120 trading days.
HV180™: The historical realized volatility of the VIX spot over the last 180 trading days.

Note, all of these measures are the darker colors and all are on top of the four measures at the bottom.


I have included the following implied vol measures:

IV60™: The implied forward looking volatility of the VIX spot for the next 60 calendar days.
IV90™: The implied forward looking volatility of the VIX spot for the next 90 calendar days.
IV120™: The implied forward looking volatility of the VIX spot for the next 120 calendar days.
IV180™: The implied forward looking volatility of the VIX spot for the next 180 calendar days.

Note, all of these measures are the brighter colors and all are below the four measures at the top.

So what?  For every measure of realized vol vs. it's counter part in implied vol, the VIX IV is measuring (reflecting) less forward risk than has been realized in the past.  Yeah, less risk is reflected in the VIX than has been realized in the past.

So, if you believe that the market is now in a period of larger moves more often, then you wouldn't believe that the forward risk of the VIX spot would be less than the past realized movement -- but that is exactly what the VIX options reflect.

My take?  If there is a 50/50 chance that  VIX vol rises, then the options are mispriced (they would be exactly equal to HV if that was the case -- sort of...).  Right now it looks like the option market reflects a higher chance that the VIX spot moves less than it has in the past.. and that, does not seem sound... Ya know, or it does?...


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